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Browse topics
Every topic compares Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant positions — each in its own words, from its own sources.
Baptism
One washing, six understandings — compare how traditions answer who should be baptized and what baptism does.
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Communion (The Lord's Supper)
One table, many theologies — see how each tradition understands Christ's presence in the meal He commanded.
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Salvation
Saved by grace — but how? Compare how six traditions describe justification, faith, and the Christian journey.
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Mary, Mother of God
Honored by all, defined by few — compare how traditions understand Mary’s sinlessness, her Dormition or Assumption, and whether she should be invoked.
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Purgatory and the Afterlife
What happens between death and resurrection? Compare Catholic purgatory, Orthodox prayers for the dead, and Protestant rejection of any middle state.
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Scripture and Tradition
Who decides what the Bible means? Compare sola scriptura with Scripture-and-Tradition, and the magisterium, papacy, and councils that guard each.
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Predestination and Free Will
Does God choose us, do we choose Him, or both? Compare election and free will across six traditions — from double predestination to prevenient grace.
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The End Times
One return, one judgment, or a thousand-year reign in between? Compare how six traditions read Christ’s return, the millennium, and the last judgment.
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Church Government
Bishops, elders, or the whole congregation? Compare how six traditions answer who leads the church.
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Worship and Liturgy
Ancient liturgy or contemporary praise? Compare how six traditions worship on the Lord’s Day.
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Divorce and Remarriage
What God has joined together… Compare how six traditions handle divorce, remarriage, and pastoral mercy.
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Women in Ministry
Who may preach, pastor, and be ordained? Compare how six traditions read the same passages on women’s ministry.
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Spiritual Gifts
Have tongues, prophecy, and healing ceased — or do they continue? Compare continuationism and cessationism across six traditions.
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Eternal Security
Once saved, always saved? Compare whether six traditions believe salvation can be lost.
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Justification: Faith and Works
Declared righteous or made righteous? How six traditions answer whether we are justified by faith alone — and what "faith alone" actually means.
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Intercession of the Saints
Can the saints in heaven pray for us? How six traditions answer — and what "one mediator between God and men" really means.
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Sacramental Confession
Must sins be confessed to a priest? How six traditions hear Christ’s words: "If you forgive anyone’s sins, they have been forgiven them."
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The Filioque
Three Latin words that split a church: does the Holy Spirit proceed from the Father "and the Son"?
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The Trinity
One God in three persons — compare how six traditions confess the mystery at the heart of the Christian faith.
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The Incarnation
Fully God and fully man — compare how six traditions confess who Jesus Christ is.
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Hell & Final Judgment
Eternal punishment or annihilation? Compare how six traditions read Christ’s warnings about the last judgment.
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The Sabbath & the Lord's Day
Saturday or Sunday — and what does the day require? Compare how six traditions keep the fourth commandment.
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Giving & Tithing
Is the tithe still binding? Compare how six traditions teach Christians to give.
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Prayer
How should Christians pray? Compare what six traditions teach about the practice of prayer — set prayers or spontaneous, the Lord’s Prayer, perseverance, and prayer without ceasing.
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Fasting
Is fasting commanded? Compare what six traditions teach about Lenten and other fasts, their purpose, and whether fasting earns anything before God.
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Angels & Demons
What are angels? Do we each have a guardian angel, and how real is spiritual warfare? Compare what six traditions teach about angels, Satan, and the demonic.
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The Resurrection of the Dead
Will our bodies rise? Compare what six traditions teach about the bodily resurrection, the last day, and the resurrection of the just and the unjust.
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The Nature of the Church
What is the Church? Compare what six traditions teach about the Church’s nature — visible and invisible, one holy catholic apostolic, and who belongs.
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Deity of Christ
Was Jesus God himself, or just a great teacher? Compare what six traditions confess about who Jesus is.
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Resurrection of Jesus
Empty tomb, eyewitnesses, or pious legend? Compare the evidence each tradition cites for the resurrection.
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Problem of Evil
Why does a good God allow suffering? Compare how six traditions answer the hardest question.
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Jesus the Only Way
"No one comes to the Father, except through me." — compare how six traditions hold the exclusive claim.
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Faith and Works
Are we saved by faith alone — or by faith and works? Six traditions read the same verses and answer in their own terms.
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Reliability of the Bible
Eyewitnesses, manuscripts, and archaeology — how six traditions ground the Bible’s trustworthiness, in their own terms.
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Canon of Scripture
Who chose the books of the Bible — and why do Catholic Bibles have more books than Protestant ones?
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Original Sin
Are we born sinful? Six traditions on Adam, the fall, and what it means for every person born since.
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Atonement
How does Jesus’ death save us? Compare four classic answers — penal substitution, Christus Victor, satisfaction, and moral influence — and who holds each.
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Holy Spirit
Person or power? Compare how six traditions confess the Spirit’s deity, His personhood, His work — and the filioque that divides East from West.
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Homosexuality
What does the Bible say about homosexuality? Compare how six traditions teach it — each in its own terms.
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Abortion
What does the Bible say about abortion? Compare how six traditions apply Scripture’s witness to life in the womb.
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Marriage
A covenant, a sacrament, a mystery — compare how six traditions define marriage, its purpose, and its permanence.
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Heaven
A prepared place or a renewed earth? Compare what six traditions confess about heaven, the resurrection, and eternal life.
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Free Will
“Choose life” — but can we? Compare how six traditions hold together God’s sovereignty and human freedom.
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Sanctification
Declared righteous, made holy — compare how six traditions describe growth in holiness after faith begins.
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Old Testament Law
Fulfilled, not erased? — compare how six traditions answer whether Christians must keep the Old Testament law.
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Seven Sacraments
Seven sacraments, two ordinances — compare how six traditions count and define the Church’s sacred rites.
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Icons and Images
Idolatry or incarnation? — compare how six traditions answer the use of statues and icons in worship.
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Papacy
Was Peter the first pope? — compare how six traditions read Matthew 16 and the history of the bishop of Rome.
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Indulgences
Forgiveness, merit, and the treasury — what indulgences are, what the Church teaches today, and why the Reformers objected.
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God's Will
Decrees, commands, and callings — how Christians seek to know what God wants.
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Grace
Unmerited favor or God’s own life shared — what grace is and how it works.
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Creation
Six days, deep time, or both — what Christians affirm about how the world began.
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